Aprile 2014 - Volume XXXIII - numero 4

Medico e Bambino


Problemi correnti

La rinite allergica in età pediatrica

Elisa Benelli1,2, Alessandro Ventura1,2, Giorgio Longo2

1IRCCS Materno-Infantile “Burlo Garofolo”, 2Università di Trieste

Indirizzo per corrispondenza: elisa.benelli@gmail.com

Allergic rhinitis in paediatrics: from scientific literature to clinical practice

Key words: Allergic rhinitis, Prick test, Second generation oral antihistamines, Intranasal corticosteroids

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disease, especially among adolescents. Dust mite rhinitis usually develops at the end of preschool age and it is characterized by obstructive symptoms. AR due to pollens becomes more evident close to 10 years of age and it is mainly characterized by irritative symptoms (sneezing, rhinorrhea and pharyngeal and oral pruritus) and associated with allergic conjunctivitis. Pollen rhinitis can be associated also with the pollen food syndrome that is characterized by oral pruritus and swelling after the ingestion of raw fruits or vegetables, and is due to cross-reactivity between aeroallergens and fruits/vegetables. Allergic asthma is also more frequent among patients with AR: in children with dust mite allergy asthma usually develops before rhinitis, instead in patient with pollen allergy it usually follows rhinitis. Among dust allergic patients, asthma is usually more severe and persistent. The diagnosis is usually based on clinical history and positivity of prick tests; other tests (such as RAST and nasal eosinophilia) should be limited to uncertain cases. Therapy consists of intranasal corticosteroids and second generation oral antihistamines; the latter are less effective on obstructive symptoms. In dust mite allergic patients, allergy avoidance is essential and is based on mattress covers and pillow covers. Specific immunotherapy should be limited to the rare cases in which standard therapy has not been enough efficient.

Vuoi citare questo contributo?

E. Benelli, A. Ventura, G. Longo
La rinite allergica in età pediatrica
Medico e Bambino 2014;33(4):240-248 https://www.medicoebambino.com/?id=1404_240.pdf


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